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What is PET CT scan?

 

PET CT, short for positron emission tomography computed tomography, combines two imaging modalities: positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT). The PET component provides functional information about body tissues and organs, while the CT component offers anatomical images that correlate with the functional data obtained from PET.

Why PET CT scan is used?

PET scans are commonly utilized in patients across various medical fields such as oncology, cardiology, and neurology.

 

Oncology

 

PET scans play a crucial role in the staging and restaging of cancer, as well as in detecting recurrences. Additionally, they are valuable for assessing the response to cancer treatment.

 

Neurology

 

PET CT scan provide insights into both abnormal functional and structural patterns in the brain, aiding in the assessment of patients with a range of disorders, such as epilepsy, parkinsonism, and dementia.

 

Cardiology

 

PET CT offers valuable insights into myocardial viability, assisting in determining whether a patient requires coronary angioplasty, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, or heart transplantation.

 

How pet scan works.?

 

During a PET scan, a radiotracer is injected into the patient’s vein, followed by a waiting period of 45-60 minutes. During this time, the patient is encouraged to drink an adequate amount of water.

Subsequently, the patient undergoes the scanning process, which typically lasts around 10-15 minutes. If necessary, an intravenous contrast agent may be administered during the scan. Throughout the PET scan, the patient lies on a flatbed without making any movements.

 

After the pet scan

 

Patients typically can return home on the same day after a period of observation. Following the scan, patients generally do not experience any side effects. Any concerns regarding radiation safety can be addressed with the appropriate medical staff.

18 F-FDG PET CT (18 F- FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE)

Cancer cells generally have a high level of metabolic activity than normal tissue and use

more glucose. 18 F FDG is a glucose analog that is taken into the cell by the same mechanism as glucose.


Pet scan is used for diagnosing cancer and its staging and also used for response

assessment for cancer treatment.

Patient preparation for 18 F-FDG PET CT

  • Refrain from engaging in vigorous physical activity for several days PRIOR to undergoing PET CT.
  • Ensure that diabetes is adequately managed.
  • Discontinue long-acting insulin 8-12 hours PRIOR to the examination, and short-acting insulin 2 hours BEFORE the examination. (if the patient is diabetic contact us for further information).
  • Refrain from consuming anything except water for at least 6 hours before the procedure, or opt for overnight fasting.
  • Ensure that serum glucose levels are below 200 mg/dl.

Provide a creatinine report obtained within the past month, if necessary.

18 F PSMA WHOLE BODY PET CT

PSMA PET CT serves as a non-invasive diagnostic method for visualizing PSMA-positive lesions in patients with prostate cancer.

This imaging technique assists physicians in making recommendations and interpreting the results of PSMA ligand PET CT scans for the initial diagnosis, staging, and restaging of prostate cancer

Patient Preparation for 18 F PSMA Whole Body PET CT

  • Patients are not required to fast and may continue taking all their medications.
  •  Patients should be encouraged to stay well-hydrated by consuming plenty of water before the PSMA PET CT scan.

· Serum glucose level assessment is not necessary.

18 F DOPA PET CT

Parkinsonism syndromes encompass a range of disorders characterized by Parkinsonism signs, including bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and postural instability.

This study aims to aid nuclear medicine physicians in recommending, conducting, interpreting, and documenting the findings of dopaminergic imaging in patients with Parkinsonian symptoms.

Patient preparation for 18 F DOPA PET CT

  • Consider discontinuing anti-parkinsonian medication for at least 12 hours to enhance image quality.

Patients are advised to refrain from consuming any foods containing amino acids before the procedure.

68 GA DOTANOC PET CT

Somatostatin receptors are prominently expressed on various neuroendocrine tumor cells and can be effectively targeted using somatostatin analogs.

The introduction of somatostatin analogs such as dotanoc has expedited tumor targeting and facilitated the utilization of positron emitters like 68 Ga for radiolabeling.

The purpose of 68 Ga Dotanoc PET CT is to aid physicians in suggesting, interpreting, and documenting the findings of somatostatin PET imaging studies for individuals with neuroendocrine tumors.

Patient preparations for 68 Ga DOTANOC PET CT

  • A fasting period of 4 hours may be necessary (if required).
  • It is typically advised that patients discontinue all short-acting somatostatin analogs 12 hours prior to somatostatin PET imaging. (Contact us for further information).

· Patients should be instructed to drink ample water before and after the radiotracer injection and urinate frequently to minimize radiation exposure to the bladder.